Learn to Gather and Analyse reliable information about any subject.
- investigate places, people, events
- criminal investigation, investigative journalism, academic research, financial and/or legal assessments.
- explore new career options for investigative skills
Investigation is a highly valued skill in many professions. It involves searching for then examining information to determine facts from fiction.
While this course does have a focus on investigation of criminal activities, much of what you will learn can find application in a broader context. Anyone who sharpens their investigative skills and knowledge through this course will be better placed to work not only in criminal investigation perhaps as a private investigator or journalist; but also on academic or any other type of investigation.
Lesson Structure
There are 9 lessons in this course:
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Scope and Nature of Investigative Techniques
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What is Investigation
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Why Investigations are carried out
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Who uses investigative skills
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Important skills and traits
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Personality traits - flexibility, self motivation, communication, active listening
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How to be a good Active Listener
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Observational skills - techniques to improve observation skills
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Problem solving
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Research skills
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Interviewing
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Critical thinking
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Emotional and Social Intelligence
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Empathy
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Collective evidence
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Courage
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Investigative bodies - fraud, cybercrime3, missing persons
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Professions -health, legal
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International Investigative bodies - U.N., Interpol, Amnesty International
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Records Searching
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Record searching skills
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Documents - superficial search, deeper search
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Types of records -official, transitory
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Why investigators carry out records searches
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Conducting records searches
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Offline searches
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Online searches
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Types of documents
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Primary documents - national identification numbers, public records
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Secondary documents - print media
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Surveillance
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What is surveillance
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Why carry out surveillance
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Ethics of surveillance
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Bias in surveillance
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Surveillance methods
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Types of surveillance - direct, pre-constructive, reconstructive
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Physical surveillance - stakeout, mobile, aerial
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Physical surveillance tips
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Technical and electronic surveillance -fixed video, portable cameras, body cameras, motion detection, drones, audio recorders
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GPS tracking,
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Facial recognition
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Bugging & Cyber surveillance
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Doing surveillance - pre planning, legal considerations, casing, knowing the subject
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Interviewing
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Interview skills
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Interview versus interrigation
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Why use interviews
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Open and closed questions
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Types of interviews
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Advantages of interviews
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Quantitative versus qualitative data
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Limitations of interviews
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Planning an interview -background information, Number of interviews,Gender, Time of day, Venue, keeping records
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Designing an interview
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Setting goals examples - journalistic interview, criminal interview, academic interview
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Choosing questions
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Questions to avoid
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Uncovering lies, fabrications, misleading responses
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Gathering data
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Surveys
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What are surveys
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Ethical issues
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Survey Formats
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The survey interview - face to face, telephone, focus groups, survey panels
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Survey design
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Research questions
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Target Audience
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Sampling, Administration, Analysis
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Surveys as an investigative tool
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Validity
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Survey limitations
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Analysis of Evidence
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What is evidence
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Analysing evidence
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physical evidence -blood, fingerprint, DNA, impression evidence
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Cyber or digital evidence
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Behavioural evidence
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Applications - Public Sector
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What is the public sector
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Public sector investigations -eg. fraud
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People involved - whistleblowers, moles, forensic accountants, ombudsmen, anti corruption watchdogs
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Applications - Private Sector
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The private sector
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Private sector investigations
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Discrimination
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Overseas money trails
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Embezelment
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Applications - Media and Online
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Media and online investigations
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Computer crimes
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Common scams
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The dark web
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Online investigation techniques
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Ways to deal with online and media crimes
Each lesson culminates in an assignment which is submitted to the school, marked by the school's tutors and returned to you with any relevant suggestions, comments, and if necessary, extra reading.
Aims
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Define investigation and investigative techniques.
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Demonstrate record searching skills.
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Define surveillance and demonstrate surveillance techniques.
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Demonstrate interviewing skills.
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Define surveys and demonstrate their use.
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Describe evidence and types of evidence collected in investigations.
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Describe the applications of investigative techniques to the public sector.
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Describe private sector investigative techniques.
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Describe online and media-related investigations.
Where Might You Use Investigative Skills?
Investigations are part and parcel of many different careers. For example, an author might investigate historical information if writing a biographical novel, a forensic scientist will examine physical evidence left at a crime scene, an investigative journalist might interview CEOs of a large corporation that is accused of underpaying employees. Investigations can be relatively localised, such as when looking into complaints against a government department. They can also be wide-reaching like when law enforcement agencies in different countries cooperate to bring down trafficking rings.
For many people, the term ‘investigation’ may conjure thoughts of crime investigation jobs such as:
- Police,
- Law enforcement,
- Private investigators,
- Fraud investigators, and
- Investigative journalists.
Investigative skills however, go well beyond crime. For example –
- Scientific researchers,
- Academic researchers,
- Legal representatives,
- Insurance investigators,
- Forensic accountants,
- Anthropologists, and
- Art historians – searching for missing paintings or information on art fraud.
Investigative skills are useful in many different careers, especially any which require analytical and research skills. For example, a forensic accountant might be hired to trace missing funds if a business goes into liquidation; if there is any possibility of fraud; or if a marriage dissolves when there are substantial assets involved and one party suspects the other of hiding assets.
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