Human Nutrition III

What is Healthy Eating?

Food has a huge impact on health. Understanding nutrient imbalance and disease has become an important aspect in managing health.

This course will help you understand that consumption of food that is not suited to the individual can lead to discomfort, disease and in extreme cases, death. Many people react to foods adversely. This can be as mild as a sensitivity that results in discomfort, or a severe allergy that can result in death.

Detoxification is another important and controversial health factor in the modern world, where we are bombarded by toxins from our food, our environment, our skin care products and more. This course teaches the student about detoxification, and what to do when the system is overloaded with toxins. 

This course builds on knowledge from Human Nutrition I and II, but also works as a stand alone course. 

Suitable for:

Lesson Structure

There are 8 lessons in this course:

1. Nutrient Imbalance and Disease
   • Food risk factors
   • What disease is impacted by what nutrient issues
   • Important nutrients often lacking in some diets
   • Iodine
   • Potassium
   • Magnesium
   • Calcium
   • Iron
   • Fats, lipids and cholesterol
   • Cholesterol
   • Fats -saturated, monosaturated, polyunsaturated
   • Low salt or low sodium diets
   • Sugars -components of different sweeteners
   • Heart disease and diet
   • Fats and heart disease
   • Triglycerides and heart disease
   • Heart affects of Cholesterol, sugar, salt, alcohol, carbohydrates, fish, etc
   • Obesity and insulin
   • Metabolic syndrome
   • Cancer
   • Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)
   • PEM in hospitalised people
   • PEM types -primary, secondary, kwashiorkor, marasmus
   • Diagnosis of PEM
   • Treating PEM
   • Prognosis for PEM partients
   • PEM prevention
   • Health problems and solutions
   • Special considerations for pregnant and nursing women
   • Special Project -a problem based learning project where you will investigate the relationship between nutrition an a particular disease (eg. Celiac disease, Osteoporosis or Diabetes).
2. Dental Problems
   • Tooth structure
   • Anatomy of teeth
   • Nutrition and dental health
   • Fluoride intake
   • Who needs fluoride
   • Foods that supply fluoride
   • Calcium intake
   • The decay process
   • Preventing plaque
   • Nursing bottle syndrome
   • Preventing dental problems
   • Reasons to prevent tooth decay
   • Causes of tooth decay
   • Dental hygiene
   • Homemade toothpastes and mouth washes
3. Fibre and Diseases of the Bowel
   • Understanding fibre
   • How fibre works in the body
   • Fibre in food -soluble and insoluble
   • Health and dietary fibre
   • Resistant starch
   • How the digestive system works
   • Conditions linked to low fibre diets
   • Fibre and managing blood cholesterol
   • Fibre and diabetes
   • Fibre and weight control
   • Increase your fibre
   • Bowel checks
4. Different ways of Eating
   • How we eat is important
   • Compatibility of ingredients
   • Vegetarian, vegan and alternate diets
   • Health considerations with not eating animal products
   • Sourcing organic, vegetarian and vegan foods
   • Alternative diets for young children
   • Diet during pregnancy
5. Food Toxicities and Sensitivities
   • Allergies and sensitivities
   • Differences between sensitivity, allergy, anaphylaxis and intolerance
   • Allergies -common allergens, likely symptoms
   • Natural toxins in foods
   • Increase in rates of allergies
   • Inheritance of allergies and intolerances
   • Food allergy symptoms
   • Anaphylaxis -causes, symptoms, treatment
   • Causes of common food allergies and food intolerances
   • Diagnosing and dealing with food sensitivities
   • Avoiding the food
   • Preventing food allergy in children
   • Food laws and labels
   • Special medical considerations
6. Food Toxicity and Poisoning
   • Causes of food poisoning
   • Bacterial food poisoning causes, types of bacteria, prevention
   • Bacillus cerus poisoning
   • Campylobacter
   • Campylobacter jejuni
   • Clostridium perfringens
   • Clostridium botulinum
   • Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
   • Listeria spp.
   • Salmonella spp.
   • Staphylococcus aureus
   • Vibrio parahaemolyticus
   • Yersinia enterocolitica
   • Treating bacterial poisoning
   • Contamination from cooking -aluminium, copper, cooking source, wood preservatives.
   • Contamination from food processing -eg. cleaning chemicals
   • Effects of food preparation on nutrition -problems caused by cooking
   • Food production and processing issues
   • Milling and refining
   • Additives, colourings, flavourings
   • Deteriorating food
   • Microorganisms
   • Enzymes
   • Mechanical deterioration
   • Ripening fruit
   • Low temperature damage
   • Hygiene practices
7. Detoxification or Body Cleansing
   • Introduction
   • Methods of detoxification
   • Water and juice fasting
   • Weekend mono diet
   • Chelation therapy
   • Fasting
   • Side effects of fasting
   • Water therapies
   • Cathartics -laxatives, purgatives
   • Acidophilus
   • Herbal treatments -alfalfa, aloe vera, cranberry juice, echinacea, chamomile, parsley, etc
   • Massage -lymphatic drainage, swedish massage
   • Bowel Movements and urination
   • Cautions
8. Consulting and Giving Advice on Diet
   • Legalities
   • Insurance
   • Professional bodies
   • Holistic approach
   • Ethics
   • The consultation
   • Compliance
   • Setting a nutritional program

Each lesson culminates in an assignment which is submitted to the school, marked by the school's tutors and returned to you with any relevant suggestions, comments, and if necessary, extra reading.

Aims

• Explain different food related health problems.
• Determine the effect which different physical methods of food intake, can have upon health, including time and order of eating, and chewing.
• Manage food sensitivity problems.
• Implement procedures to avoid food poisoning.
• List food related factors which can have a negative influence on health.
• Distinguish between characteristics of the diets of two healthy people with diets of unhealthy people, studied by the learner.
• Differentiate between dietary and other affects, on the health of a specific individual.
• Explain the significance of cholesterol to health of a specific demographic group.
• Explain the significance of diet to cancer in a specified demographic group.
• Compare differences in physiological responses to different patterns of eating, including: *The order in which different types of food are eaten; * The time of day when different types of food are eaten; *The degree to which different types of foods are chewed; *The speed of swallowing; *The amount of time between eating different food types.
• Explain food combining principles, in a diet designed to optimise food combining principles.
• Plan a dietary timetable which optimises the ability of a typical person on a specified budget, to digest and assimilate food.
• Formulate a nutritionally balanced vegetarian diet.
• Formulate a diet compatible with a person's level of physical activity.
• Manage fibre in the diet.
• Manage diet to optimise dental health.
• Recommend a safe method of detoxification.
• Recommend a nutritional program to a client in a proper and responsible manner

What You Will Do

• Distinguish between food sensitivity and toxicity in two different case studies.
• Distinguish between chemical and pathological toxicity, in four different case studies.
• List foods commonly associated with sensitivity problems.
• List foods commonly associated with toxicity problems.
• Explain problems associated with common food sensitivity and toxicity including: -Gluten Sugar -Salt -Yeast -MSG.
• Develop a checklist of body reactions which may occur, in response to food sensitivity or toxicity, as a tool for diagnosing possible causes.
• Describe different scientific procedures used to test for food sensitivities and toxicities.
• Explain the role of histamines, anti histamines and steroids in human toxicology.
• Explain first aid treatments for people suspected to be suffering from different food sensitivity or toxicity problems.
• Explain a procedure used by a health practitioner, to treat someone affected by a specified type of food poisoning.
• Determine guidelines to minimise food toxicity problems in a visited restaurant.
• List factors which can cause food poisoning.
• Explain different pathological sources of serious food poisoning; including identification, physiological effects and control.
• Explain chemical poisoning risks associated with the use of chemicals to control pathological poisoning risks.
• Explain food storage and preparation techniques essential to minimising food poisoning.
• Develop guidelines to minimise food poisoning your own kitchen, based upon your normal dietary requirements.
• Develop guidelines to minimise food toxicity problems in a restaurant.
• Explain procedures practiced by a visited food manufacturer, to control food sensitivity and toxicity problems with their product.
• Compare in a chart or table, three different styles of vegetarianism.
• Explain different specified risks associated with a vegetarian diet.
• List alternative sources for different components of foods normally derived from animal products, including: *Tryptophan *Methionine *Valine *Threonine *Phenylalanine *Leucine *Isoleucine *Lysine.
• Formulate a balanced vegetarian diet, for a specified individual.
• Explain the relationship between different types of food and exercise.
• Explain the management of diet for a specified situation, before, during and after activity.
• Explain how diet can effect performance of different specified types of exercises.
• Explain the role of fibre in the digestive system, of a specified demographic group.
• Explain possible implications of inadequate fibre in the diet, for different specified demographic groups.
• Compare relative value of the fibre content of dfferent foods.
• Explain inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in a specified case study.
• Compare fibre content in the diets of different people interviewed.
• Recommend modifications to the fibre intake people interviewed.
• Explain the biology of the teeth, including anatomy and physiology.
• Explain the effect of five different foods on the teeth and gums.
• Describe dental problems influenced by diet.
• Develop guidelines for healthy dental hygiene procedures, including both dietary and other practices.
• List factors which affect accumulation of toxins in the body.
• Explain different benefits of detoxification, for three different demographic groups.
• Explain different techniques of accelerating elimination of toxins from the body -Heat (eg. Sauna) -Fasting -Diet Modification -Antioxidants -Exercise -Drugs and Herbs - Disease Stress control.
• Explain the dangers of excessive detoxification, for different demographic groups.
• Evaluate appropriate detoxification needs for an specified individual.
• Recommend a detoxification program based upon a specified evaluation.
• Explain legal risks involved in giving nutritional advice to a client.
• Explain the moral responsibilities involved in providing nutritional advice.
• Determine ways in which specific examples of nutritional advice may be misinterpreted.
• Develop guidelines for a system to ensure nutritional advice is followed by clients as intended, including provision for monitoring.
• Demonstrate a consultation with a client, real or hypothetical, presenting a nutritional program, designed for that client.

Very few people, however, are in such a good state of health; and even those who are, are unlikely to continue disposing of unwelcome chemical compounds year after year for their entire lifespan. Sooner or later their ability to tolerate undesirable foods will decrease, and problems will develop.

For some of these diseases there is a clear and well-established link between the nutrient imbalance and disease risk. In some cases, the magnitude of the increased risk is very high, in others it is not so. For example, the risk of obesity is well known to be higher if you have a high calorie diet, and the risk is significant. But the chances of a man developing prostate cancer due to high calorie diet is only just being established and the relationship being the nutrient excess and the magnitude of increased risk is not yet clear. It is important to keep an eye on current research, and to be familiar with releases from professional nutrition bodies regarding diet and health implications.

Everyone is Different though.

Foods that are a problem for one person may be nutritious for someone else.

This is a complex subject!

This course lays a foundation for understanding this subject better and developing your understanding, into the future.